B.F. Skinner

Skinner's theories suggest that all human behaviors result from the conditioning stimuli that operate upon them. As such, human nature has little to do with matters spiritual or moral and more to do with what aspects of character are reinforced by positive stimuli and extinguished by negative stimuli.For example, ‘good' people who have lived with ‘high moral fibre' are those who have been reinforced to do so, and ‘bad' people who have lived with little moral or spiritual regard for others are those who have been reinforced to do so (or conversely, have been negatively reinforced to be concerned with others).(Boeree, 1998) Skinner's view of human nature is considered problematic by most rationalists for the simple fact that it reduces it to a series of conditioned behaviors — an empirically sequenced string of if-then actions — that coldly implies the irrelevance of higher reasoning to explain them. (Boeree, 1998) As such, any moral rationalization of h uman behavior is merely post hoc reasoning. Nonetheless, it is difficult to reconcile Skinner's model of human behavior with determinism. While determinism holds that every event creates a fixed result , Skinner holds that every event (i.  e. human behavior) is maintained only by the properties of a reinforcer (Newall, 2005; Boeree, 2006).This creates a small but significant contradiction because the question of how a reinforcer shapes human behavior becomes moot when said reinforcer is also pre-determined. References Boeree, C. George (1998). B. F. Skinner. Retrieved February 29, 2008, from http://webspace. ship. edu/cgboear/skinner. html Newall, P. (2005) Free Will and Determinism. Retrieved February 29, 2008, from http://www. galilean-library. org/int13. html

British Literature Essay

Literature is one of the most effective ways to protest against the society, iniquities in this society. From early times writers and poets used rhythms and stories for ridiculing the upper class of a society. Why do poets use poems to tell about social injustices? The answer is simple. This way a poet can catch and hold the reader’s attention, his emotions. Usually poets in their works present facts in order to capture attention of many people. These are not new facts that are presented to an audience. From early times poets used the words effectively to make people think about the situation and make want them to act in order to change the present state of things. Poets and writers know the exact words and phrases that can influence people’s attitude to this or that situation so that they start acting. Poems are always aimed to reach feelings of people and thus, to pull strings. Literature of every state shows all the complexity of every epoch. When the situation is the same at several countries, it has a worldwide significance. Before talking about poetry, we should answer the question: What is poetry? Poetry is a special way of describing situations, things, ideas, feelings. Poets present their ideas in short phrases. They use rhythm to emphasize their feelings and ideas. Besides, a poet can appeal to reader’s emotions via poems. That is why a poem is easily remembered. A poem can be compared to a photograph as it reflects real life, real situations and feelings. In a poem a poet captures the exact moment and represents it the way he/she has seen it. When you read a poem you see the poet’s subjective evaluation of facts, situations and the epoch in general. Poets of Romantic Movement wrote their poems to share their feelings. They wrote to help people understand their time from the poet’s point of view. This paper is about Romantic Movement in Great Britain. It is devoted to William and Dorothy Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, William Blake, Robert Burns, Mary Wollstonecraft and Joanna Baillie who became a radical group in British literature of their epoch. In the paper special attention is paid to the use of lyric poetry (ballads) and blank verse in poetry of the nineteenth century. British poetry. â€Å"The poem on the page is only a shadow of the poem in the mind. And the poem in the mind is only a shadow of the poetry and the mystery of the things of this word.†   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Stanley Kunitz Before analyzing the British poetry of the nineteenth century it is necessary to mention the changes in political, industrial, scientific and cultural spheres of life of that time and caused the changes in British literature having challenged the standards of form and structure in poetry. From 1776 the American and French Revolutions and later the Industrial Revolution astounded Great Britain and Europe and caused disturbances among people. In the second half of the century Charles Darwin published Origins of Species and The Descent of Man that caused the revolution in scientific thought. This was an unrest period and people were forced to evaluate their values and beliefs again. There is no wonder that the British poets changed their world outlook. The first stage of Romanticism in English literature began in 1790s. William Blake was the first major poet who reacted to these changes. His poems were far from standard patterns. The poetry of Blake is characterized by long, unrhymed lines, a steady interplay of opposites (Damrosch 458). A metaphor can be found in titles of Blake’s works. For instance, his series of poems: Songs of Innocence in 1789 and Songs of Experience in 1794; The Marriage of Heaven and Hell etc. Blake believed that opposites are integral parts of life. He wrote about things that we too often forget making the reader look at events from another point of view. Blake tried to use the joy of words. He used figurative language to describe things in an unusual, in a completely new way breaking down the traditions in poetry of his time. Blake’s beginnings were supported by the efforts of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. They have written a collection of poems, anonymously authored, famous for its poems and its preface, entitled Lyrical Ballads in 1798. In the preface a poet deems that poems must regard ‘situations from life’ in ‘the everyday language’. Wordsworth describes poetry as ‘the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings’. This expression was the manifesto of the Romantic Movement in poetry presenting revolutionary idea for that time. Moreover, the poet emphasizes on the avoidance of artificial poetic style. He believes language must be understandable and enjoyable for ordinary people. Lyrical Ballads is one of the most significant books which became a major change in the history of English poetry (Damrosch 462). Poems from the collection are written in simple, everyday language. They are concentrated on the appreciation of the power of nature, examination of human personality, inner feelings, emotions and thought with an emphasis on imagination. Lyrical Ballads starts from Coleridge’s long poem Rime of the Ancient Mariner and continues with poems manifesting the nature appreciation, the superiority of emotions and feelings over reason. The romance emphasizes individuality, beauty of nature contrasting to formality and artificiality of the standards in poetry of that epoch. A collection contains Tintern Abbey, The Idiot Boy and other controversial poems of Wordsworth written in everyday language. Poets used an every day language before, thus, they did not use it so that they broke down the rules and standards. Samuel Taylor Coleridge is famous for marvelous The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and the ‘conversation poems’, for example, Frost at Midnight and This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison, as well as for his unfinished works Christabel and Kubla Khan, which is like an obsession that haunts your mind (Damrosch 466). Dorothy Wordsworth, William’s sister, is an English prose writer. Her famous Alfoxden Journal and invaluable Gramere Journals were published in 1897. Her works are full of imagination while describing nature and personalities of unusual qualities. Dorothy’s prose is sudden, clear and natural. You may disagree with her ideas or conclusions. However, the writer could possibly say that it is enough that a reader reflects on her ideas. William Wordsworth wrote many short poems which were aimed at breaking down neoclassical verse. He included new poems in the second edition of the collection – The Brothers and Michael. In his works the author tries to speak about life truthfully sharing his feelings with a reader. Sometimes they share ideas, sometimes – a question. These poems and marvelous lyrics were written in his great decade. Thus, the most famous poem of William Wordsworth is his autobiographical philosophical poem The Prelude. This is a spiritual autography in which the author puts questions of philosophical value, about the purpose of his existence, of his value as a poet. In this work William Wordsworth is the major hero. The author places imagination on the first place among human talents. This work is better to call an epic as it consists of 8000 lines and is separated into 14 books (Damrosch 471). It is necessary to mention Joanna Baillie, a poet and dramatist. She wrote plays in verse which were highly appreciated. However, she is famous largely for her first published work, a collection of lyrics Fugitive Verses in 1790. Another talented English writer is Mary Wollstonecraft. She is famous for her works about equality of women concerning education and social life. Mary Wollstonecraft was a member of a radical group together with William Blake and later William Wordsworth. All her life Mary Wollstonecraft remained a passionate defender of women rights. In her works she was bringing up a fulmination against social inequality of women. She wrote Thoughts on the Education of Daughters in 1787 and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, which contains a fulmination and a plea concerning equality for women, in 1792. The second stage of Romanticism began in 1805 and was marked by appreciation of history value, attention to origins, to works of Renaissance time. One of the most noted poets of the second stage is George Gordon, Lord Byron. He put the poet in the central place and spoke about imagination in his works (Damrosch 458). Romantic Movement reached its high point of art in the works of Byron. In his poems he emphasizes the individual feelings, emotions of a person, not of several ones; expression of feeling opposes to morality and value of nature to a state. The works of Byron are unique and brilliant, his poetry is an outstanding event connected with the Epoch of Romanticism. When an artist puts paint on canvas, he/she attentively traces shapes and colours for attaining a needful effect. The same Byron does when he writes a poem – he arranges words so that a poem is simple and comprehensible. Byron uses language in unusual way: he chooses words for sound and meaning. He carefully selects and arranges each word to achieve the desirable sound and effect. His major hero is a romantic person who is out of the society. In his poems the author raises the question of immortality. Besides, his works are notable for their flippancy. In 1820s there was a third stage of Romanticism that spread romantic ideas in literature worldwide (Damrosch 458). Summarizing, the Romantic Movement in Britain has three stages; every of stages is famous for poets and their works. At this time poets broke with tradition and tried the relaxed rhythms, everyday language and imagination in their poems. Conclusion. The paper briefly analyzes the three stages of Romantic Movement in Great Britain in general and poets who contributed greatly to the poetry of their country in a more detailed way. Besides, the paper analyzes the peculiarities of literature of that epoch. Having examined the works of William and Dorothy Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, William Blake, Robert Burns, Mary Wollstonecraft and Joanna Baillie, it is clear it was a new generation of poets in the British literature. References: Damrosch D., Wolfson S. J., Manning P. J. (2005). The Longman Anthology of British Literature, Volume 2A: The Romantics and Their Contemporaries, Longman, 3rd Edition, 1120pp.

Outsourced

The film profiles the lives of four young Indian women who work in outsourcing jobs at a company called Genpact. l They see their work as an exciting opportunity and an important source of income for their families. They take their Jobs seriously and believe their oles are an important step towards financial security and professional advancement. By way of contrast, the film also canvasses the experiences of four Australian call-centre workers who do not consider their Jobs as careers.They are young, itinerant workers who, despite earning up to five times the wage of their Indian counterparts, do not regard their Jobs as being long- About this study guide > Key themes discussed in this study guide are: globalization, economics, business, gender, trade, society and culture. The study guide includes questions and activities to be explored before and after watching the film. e questions can be incorporated into classroom discussion or students can provide individual written responses.Th e activities in the study guide include a mixture of individual investigation, class discussion, and small group work. Specific questions and activities for students of media studies are included under a separate heading. Curriculum Links In OUTSOURCED! , filmmakers safina Uberoi and Anna Cater examine Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), focusing on an Indian company that wins contracts to take over many ‘back office' functions of companies located in developed countries.With many Western white-collar Jobs being ost to the BPO industry, the subject is a controversial topic in the world's economies. Choosing to shoot the majority of the documentary in India, they concentrated particularly on the perspective of women because it is female employment in the Indian BPO industry that is creating tremendous social change for its participants. Both Uberoi and Cater have prior

The reasons that lead Middle Eastern students to study outside their Research Paper

The reasons that lead Middle Eastern students to study outside their country - Research Paper Example I had an opportunity to interview some of the students and this is how they responded. The first said, â€Å"U.S has the best universities in the world and I wish to get a job and stay in the U.S. The other student responded by saying that â€Å"I choose to study abroad especially in U.S because I want to improve my English language skills.† The last student responded, saying, â€Å"Because I want to study a particular major that is not offered by our school back home.† This was a face to face discussion with the students. Apart from the above mentioned reasons, there are others reasons too that make these students to study outside their country. The University of Texas at Austin lists different reasons why students study abroad. â€Å"You will get to know another culture first-hand. Personally experiencing another country will allow you to expand your understanding of its culture beyond the surface-level differences in food, language, and appearances.† (University of Texas 1) The website indicates that the students who study abroad choose to do so since it gives them a chance to experience many challenges and gain new experience. It also argues that the students who study abroad have the chances to make new friends and contacts around the world. They also get an opportunity to meet other international students. (University of Texas 1) A survey conducted by four researchers, Anne West, Apostolis Dimitropoulos, Audrey Hind and John Wilkes indicated different reasons why students study outside their countries. They conducted a face to face dialogue with the students and the responses varied. This information is in the education-line database. Some students in the questionnaire said that they wanted to study abroad to improve their chances of being employed. Others argued that they just studied for fun. Others said that they wanted to study abroad particularly in the US and UK because they believed the

Drugs and Alcohol in American Popular Culture Essay

Drugs and Alcohol in American Popular Culture - Essay Example As for the authors’ credentials, Dr. Primack is a faculty of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania. He is also a faculty of the Division of Adolescent Medicine and therefore he has an authority regarding adolescent behavior in the context of medical science, for adolescent behavior is the main subject of this particular study. Moreover, he is also a recipient of the Physician Faculty Scholar Award from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The other author, Dr. Douglas is another faculty member of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Dr. Kraemer is a third faculty member of the same medical school. Dr. Douglas and Dr. Kraemer are affiliated with the Center for Research on Health Care of the same educational institution, and so it implies that they already have considerable background on how to conduct research on health care. The authors, being experts in their fields, with their medical degrees, with Primack’s expertise with adole scent medicine, and with Douglas’ and Kraemer’s experience with research on health care, make up a team of researchers that possess full credibility. The study is published by the National Institutes of Health, particularly PubMed Central and the U.S. National Library of Medicine. This is a reputable institution when it comes to research on health. This source is barely 3 years old and is certainly not that old for it to be considered unreliable or obsolete. The thesis advanced by the authors based on the results of the study is that there is an â€Å"independent association between exposure to cannabis in popular music and early cannabis use among urban American adolescents†. ... authors based on the results of the study is that there is an â€Å"independent association between exposure to cannabis in popular music and early cannabis use among urban American adolescents† (Primack et al.). The objectivity of the presentation and analysis of data lies in three facts. First, the sample size of 1198 American and African-American students is large enough to become representative of the group of adolescents exposed to popular music with cannabis content. Secondly, the researchers used statistical analytical tools like multivariable regression, bivariate analysis, and additional analysis in the form of finding out whether there was a correlation between cannabis use and alcohol, but of which the researchers have not found any significant relationship. Thirdly, the study is objective and credible because the methods used in the study had been preapproved by the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board prior to the execution of the study (Primack et al.). If the procedure had not been approved by the board, it would not have been published by the NIH and it would not have been considered credible and objective. On the support to its claims, On the subject of comprehensiveness, the study was actually able to find the differences when it comes to various variables vis-a-vis the degree of correlation between exposure to popular music and cannabis use among the respondents: â€Å"Current use of cannabis was associated with higher exposure to cannabis in music, having a favorite artist with a higher number of songs with cannabis references, older age, lower grades, less demanding parenting, less supportive parenting, higher sensation seeking, and higher rebelliousness [while] ever use of cannabis was associated with higher exposure to cannabis in

Investigative summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Investigative summary - Essay Example In many organizations, the development level of subordinates is taken quite seriously and is considered to be an indicator of need for guidance. Depending on this, the leader may carry out a diverse set of roles including providing coaching, supporting, and so on. The leadership of any organization has a great impact on not only his followers but also in the way the whole organization functions. The change is visible in the whole organization and indeed leaders play a huge role in the transition. According to the theory of situational leadership, the organizational context is quite important because it provides the drivers for the implementation of a specific leadership style. There are many other factors relating to leadership that impact the organization. This is the management structure, hierarchy and the level of power possessed by each top manager. In an earlier paper, Hersey, Blanchard, and Natemeyer (1979) have highlighted this relationship between power and leadership by relating to the different leadership styles, and situational leadership. Generally, leadership is a significant factor contributing towards organizational success through greater employee motivation and productivity. Situational leadership model is based on the premise that leadership is subject to the situation in which case the approach is molded so as to address the situation at hand. Leadership also affects employee motivation. Present organizations look to enhance employee motivation because it directly affects organizational performance and success. This is a key concept in human resource management. The current trend in the business environment is very competitive which means that organizations have to work hard in order to motivate its employees and retain talented employees. This is why employees introduce compensation programs so as to keep their employees satisfied and motivated about the job. At the same time, organizations also focus on

Hamlet by Shakespeare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hamlet by Shakespeare - Essay Example In his first soliloquy, he explains that he is unhappy about his mother marrying King Claudius, just with in a month after the death of his father .More over he does not trust King Claudius. At the same time Ophelia who is in love with young Hamlet is advised against this love affair by her father Lord Chamberlain Polonius as well as her brother Laertes, which makes Hamlet more unhappy. Young Hamlet meets his father’s ghost who tells him that he was killed by Claudius by poisoning. The ghost wants young Hamlet to take revenge for his death. The ghost asks him not to punish his mother for marrying King Claudius, for she will get judged and prosecuted by her own consciousness and in the heaven. Hamlet wants to take revenge on the king, but is fed up with the vanities and deceits of life. â€Å" To be, or not to be , that is the question : /Whether ‘ts nobler in the mind to suffer/ The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune/ Or to take arms against a sea of troubles/And b y opposing end them.† (Act 111, Scene1, 56-60) Meanwhile different theories arise regarding the strange behavior of young Hamlet. Hamlet had met Ophelia, badly dressed and left with out uttering much to her. Knowing this incident Polonius theorizes that Hamlet’s strange behavior is due to the rejection of him by Ophelia. Queen Gertrude believes that, it is the death of his father and her hurried marriage that is disturbing Hamlet.

Operating systems and networking Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Operating systems and networking - Coursework Example They develop puzzles, racing games, quizzes, social games, action games, and sports games; with some of them designed to support remote multiplayer functionality. Some games are free to play, while others are only accessible after paying a small fee. The games also incorporate other features and services such as advertisements, promotions, and competitions to woo more and more clients. The marketing department is based in London. Here, they conduct market research and monitor customer responses and other behaviour in response to the company products. There are for data centres for online games strategically distributed across the country: in Sunderland, Norwich, Birmingham, and Southampton. The company faces strong competition from other established games companies across the United Kingdom including, Attention to detail, Bullfrog, glass ghost, DMA Designs and many others. Requirements Analysis Classic Studios Limited requires a network that will ensure continuous and reliable qualit y of service that will support real-time data transmission of the games and interactive applications. This calls for a network with high speed, high bandwidth, and a strong security policy. The following components will be required to achieve this network: a) Hardware requirements This will include the networking devices and the terminals for the company personnel. They include: Computers – they will form the majority of the nodes. They will provide terminals to carry out business functions and to configure networking equipment Workstations – they are more powerful than ordinary computers. They will be used mainly by the development team and also at the data centres Servers – they will store data and other resources and will make them available and accessible to the right people whenever they are required Printers – for printing technical documents and business reports VoIP phones – company workers will use them to make calls to each other over the internet Routers – they will connect the company’s network to the internet and the outside world Switches – they will be used inside the local area networks to provide redundant and secure paths for data packets within the network b) Software requirements Network software (e.g. Cisco IOS) – for programing the network equipment Operating system – will run on the computers, servers, and workstations c) Connections requirements Copper cables (UTP) – for linking up all the equipment in the local area networks Fibre optic cables – will be used to connect the different local area networks together Network Architecture and Design The headquarters, marketing offices, and data centres will each form a local area network. Transmission of data will use the TCP/IP standards.Logically the network will support multiple accesses within each of the LANs and point to point links between the LANs gateways. Multiple access means the several nodes with communicate with using the same shared media. A media access control such as CSMA/CA will have to be used to prevent collisions and overheads. Physically, the network will make economic utilisation of IPv4 addresses through the use of classless subnetting techniques (Metcalfe & Boggs, 2000). Below is the design diagram of the proposed network. Network Components Network connections Copper UTP cables will be used within the headquarters, m

Modernity in Nazi Germany under Hitler Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Modernity in Nazi Germany under Hitler - Essay Example This paper illustrates that in the years preceding the World War 1, racial ideologies gained prominence, which claimed that the educational labors of religious and secular-humanitarian representatives were ineffective. Instead, scientific discrimination showed a varied path to progression. This case was more pronounced in the Nazi Germany where academicians applied social Darwinist theories to dismiss the notion that the presumably lower races could be elevated. The question that mostly comes up in the discussion about modernity in Germany is whether the faith in a strange German antimodernism that attained its peak in National Socialism is how the Nazis could have attained political propaganda triumphs, financial recovery, the mobilization of the community and the brilliant military successes or indeed the terror and mass extermination that characterized the regime if they had rejected technological advancements. One strong answer to this question is what came to be known as reactio nary modernism, which categorizes the reunion between the antimodernist, romantic, and irrationalist ideals as well as modern technology as unique to the radical right in both the Weimar Republic and the National Socialism led by Hitler. In bringing together the political reaction with technological advancement the Nazi’s transformed the romantic anticapitalism of the right-wing German far from the backward trend pastoralism and pointed them instead to the confines of a magnificent new order. According to analysts, this conflicting amalgamation of reactionary political thoughts and a contemporary reliance on an influential reason and contemporary means made Nazism feasible. Apart from the area of reactionary modernism, another area where the Nazi party tried to bring modernity was in the area of science. In his opinion, scientist Rudolf Cronau claimed that there was no doubt that there was an existing inequality in the community in as far as races were concerned.

Supply Network Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Supply Network - Essay Example Supply chain network can be described as a customer-oriented operation management. The following diagram is an illustration of the supply chain network process. However beneficial the supply chain designs are to a company’s growth, there are a few flaws to these designs. For example, there is the issue of variation in minimum cost objectives. Still on the case of Sun Orchard, supply chain design objectives will be more beneficial only in the distribution of physical goods (Sun Orchard, 2012). Thereby, Sun Orchard should apply supply chain designs that mainly focus on proximity rather than the costs involved. Consequently, the application of the supply chain designs is not a guarantee that they will bring diversity and applicability to the business. Supply Chain Example: for Sun Orchard juice production. Sun Orchard is a juice producing company in the United States. The company specializes in the production and distribution of all kinds of juices with a global presence in Ameri ca, Australia, Asia and Africa. A simple process of the supply chain network process in Sun Orchard shows the links between the farm, the production plant to the distribution outlets and how materials and information is shared between these links. Supply Chain: Sun Orchard farm Juicing plant National Regional Shops, Distribution Distribution Supermarkets Centers Centers Vending machines The above supply chain is a simple illustration of the way information and material flows from the sun orchard farm, right through the process of production to the customers. Company change Nestle has successfully managed to apply supply chain management strategies for more business... This paper stresses that the current developments in IT have helped Target Australia in the development of its supply chain network process. Information Technology brings a smooth flow throughout the supply network. A supply chain design with system integration is able to provide an integrated transaction processing platform for the company, enhancing its overall performance and improving consistency in information relay and in improving efficiency in transaction processes. For example, the use of Electronic Data Interchange has helped Target Australia in relaying information thus reducing the costs of sending documents. According to Mike Johnston of the Supply Chain Resource Cooperative center, North Carolina University, an EDI helps in time management, create efficiency in the management of warehouse, create accuracy in transactions, and reduce clerical/administrative costs. This report makes a conclusion that The process starts from purchasing, production and then distribution to consumers. Flow of information is a link to the whole chain of supply from supplier and manufacturer to the customer. When the flow of information is unconstrained; the company will increase accuracy of operation by saving costs of production and fostering competitiveness of companies. Product flow profits through this supply chain from materials in raw state to manufacturing and lastly the finished goods which are sold to customers. The SCM deals with purchase manufacture and lastly, transport.

Characteristics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Characteristics - Term Paper Example This is the micro perspective which is embedded in its psychological genesis and emphasizes the fact that there are individual variations in attributes which impact individual responses (Klein & Kozlowski). Neither perspective is enough alone (Michalski & Tecuci, 1994, p.381). Aggregate perspective tends to ignore individual differences that make a person behave the way he does. A mere focus on aggregate characteristics poses risk of showiness and worthlessness in the organizational culture. Contrarily, when only individual level attributes are considered, this tends to ignore contextual aspects that lead to collective responses. Thus, aggregate perspectives lead to misspecifications because there is no generalization of lower levels which makes it impossible to formulate a meaningful policy. Also, individual-level perspectives lead to problems formulating human resource management policies. Hence, a combined approach is required that integrates both the perspectives (Cameron, Sutton & Whetten, 1988). References Cameron, K.S., Sutton, R.I., Whetten, D.A. (1988). Readings in Organizational Decline: Frameworks, Research, and Prescriptions.

Lifestyle Comparison, City vs Country Essay Example for Free

Lifestyle Comparison, City vs Country Essay Data has been collected from several sources such as multiple real estate agencies, fuel stations, transport agencies, mapping sources, grocery markets as well as different social and recreational organizations and conventions, this information will aid me to form my personal opinion on which is the better option. The criteria on which of the options stands to be ‘better option’, will be on the basis of; which provides the best financial outcome. Notes: * This report is taking the assumption that certain material possessions have already been accounted for, EG: * Car, clothes, furniture etc. The car at our disposal for the calculations of travel expenses will be the Hyundai Santa Fe Part Four, Data Analysis: The salaries of dentists in Australia varies widely, as the lowest reported income per annum is an estimated $50,800 while the highest earning dentists are in much larger figures, with $190,000 as the maximum recorded payment. $50,800 + $190,000 = $240,800 $240,800 ? 2 = $120,400~ the average salary, calculated via the values given above. This given pay scale can be divvied into three categories in order to better represent and calculate budgets and relevant taxes. To yield more reliable results, the following tax calculations will be made under the assumption that we are earning an average pay of $120,400 per annum. Tax Calculations| | Weekly| Monthly| Yearly| Gross| (Divide yearly pay by 52)$2315. 38| (Divide yearly pay by 12)$10,033. 33| $120,400| Tax | $624. 90| $2707. 91| $32,495| Super| $208. 38| $903| $10,836| Medicare| $34. 73| $150. 5| $1,806| Net Income| $1447. 1| $6,271. 9| $75,263| Tax: $120,400 $80,000 = $40,400~taxable dollars. $40,400 x $0. 37 = $14,948 $14,948 + $17,547 = $32,495~yearly income tax. $32,495 ? 12 $2707. 91~monthly income tax. $32,495 ? 52 = $624. 90~weekly income tax. Super: $120,400 – 9% = $120,400 x 0. 09 = $10,836~yearly super payment. $10,836 = $10,836 ? 12 = $903~monthly super payment. $10,836 = $10,836 ? 52 = $208. 38~weekly super payment. Medicare: $120,400 – 1. 5% = $120,400 x 0. 015 = $1,806~yearly Medicare levee $1,806 = $1,806 ? 12 = $150. 5~monthly Medicare levee $1,806 = $1,806 ? 52 = $ 34. 73~weekly Medicare levee Net Income: $120,400 – $32,495 – $10,836 $1,806 =$75,263~yearly net income $75,263 = $75,263 ? 12 = $6,271. 9~monthly net income $75,263 $75,263 ? 52 = $1,447. 30~weekly income Expenses: Living The following rental prices are taken from multiple real estate websites, with the cheapest price as the main deciding factor. House Rentals| House #| Brisbane Prices| Address| Charleville Prices| Address| 1| $395| 8/53 Edward Street, Brisbane| $230| 169 Edward St| 2| $390| 21/204 Alice St, Brisbane| $200| 164 Galatea St| 3| $430| 460 Ann St, Brisbane| $165| 1/75 Galatea St| 4| $450| 5/204 Alice St, Brisbane| $165| 1/16 Sturt St| 5| $450| 1904/485 Adelaide St, Brisbane| $160| 7/16 Sturt St| Averages:| $423| $184| Recreational A steady amount of $150 will be deducted weekly from our overall income in order to pay for recreational activities, drinks, dinner, take-away etc. Health Insurance Health insurance is a necessity for anyone trying to save money, as it is a safety net if something is to go wrong, and medical attention is needed. Without this safety net, simple injuries such as broken bones may cost in the thousands of dollars, while serious injuries and surgeries will cost exponential amounts. For the best value and lowest price, as suggested by a comparison on iSelect. com. u, the best plan at our disposal will cost $75. 24 monthly, and cover the essentials. $75. 24~monthly health insurance $75. 24 x 12 = $902. 88~yearly health insurance $75. 24 ? 4 = $18. 81~weekly health insurance Part Five, Data Analysisamp; Comparison: Gas amp; Electricity P. A. As evidence from Switchwise. com. au suggests, an apartment style home in Brisbane with 1 bedroom amp; 1 resident average, will result in a n estimated yearly payment of $1646. This price can be altered however via an Origin energy yearly contract, which will lower this expense to $1554 p. . in a Brisbane residential apartment complex. $1,554 ? 52 = $29. 88~weekly energy/gas expenses $1,554 ? 12 = $129. 5~monthly energy/gas expenses In terms of country living, the annual cost of electricity for a house will cost $1520 at the bare minimum. $1,520 ? 52 = $29. 23~weekly energy/gas expenses $1,520 ? 12 = $126. 66~monthly energy/gas expenses Fuel With the aim of keeping this report simplified, the only fuel being analysed and recorded will be diesel. The price for diesel in Charleville, on the date of 13/5/13, is $1. 43 /L. While according to racq. com. au, the average price for diesel in Brisbane, over the course of April, was $1. 48 /L. This difference, although minimal, scales over time and will cause either substantial savings or losses over the course of say, 10 years working the same job amp; same average fuel usages. Transport To calculate the average transport expenses, the car at our disposal will be a Hyundai Santa Fe. The Santa Fe runs on diesel, and has an overall consumption of 7. 3litres/100km. This data divides into 0. 73litres/10km, and 0. 65/5km, to achieve more manageable sample sizes in order to accurately calculate the average weekly usage in both country amp; city environments. *Note: Multiple instances of the home – work drives are extremely minimal, and will therefore not be considered under fuel consumption, and merely an expense of time. Transport CONT: Diesel Consumption: House #| Kilometres| House 1| 1. 12| House 2| 1. 6| House 3| 0. 06| House 4/5| 0. 32| *miles -gt; ki lometre conversion = y X 1. 6 = z 164 Galatea St -gt; work = 0. 7miles X 1. 6 = 1. 12km 169 Edward St -gt; work = 1. 00miles X 1. = 1. 6km 71 Galatea St -gt; work = 0. 06km 16/9 amp; 16/7 Sturt St -gt; work = 0. 32km *Note: to yield an accurate fuel expense, the average distance of the five houses for both city and country will be used, and then a price for a round trip, over five times a week, plus a 20% fuel allowance for other travelling needs. Country: 1. 12km + 1. 6km = 2. 72km 2. 72 / 2 = 1. 36km 1. 36~travel distance home to work 1. 36 x 2 = 2. 72km 2. 72km x 5 = 13. 6km ~home to work amp; back, five days 13. 6 x 0. 20 = 2. 72km~fuel allowance, for other travelling needs 2. 72 + 13. 6 16. 32km~weekly travel distance 16. 32% of 100km, therefore 16. 32% of ($1. 43 x 7. 3L=$10. 43 (price for 100km worth of fuel)) $10. 43 10. 43 x 0. 1632 = $1. 70~weekly fuel expense House #| Km to work| House 1| 5. 44km| House 2| 5. 12km| House 3| 6. 72km| House 4/5| 7. 04km| City: *miles -gt; kilometre conversion = y X 1. 6 = z 53 Edward St -gt; work = 3. 4miles X 1. 6 = 5. 44km 21/204 amp; 5/204 Alice St -gt; work = 3. 2miles X 1. 6 = 5. 12km 460 Ann St -gt; work = 4. 2miles X 1. 6 = 6. 72km 485 Adelaide St -gt; work = 4. 4miles X 1. 6 = 7. 04km 5. 44 + 5. 12 + 6. 2 + 7. 04 = 24. 32 24. 32 / 4 = 6. 08km~average distance to work 6. 08 x 2 = 12. 16 12. 16 x 5 = 60. 8~home to work distance, five times per week 60. 8 x 0. 2 = 12. 16km~weekly fuel allowance 60. 8 + 12. 16 = 72. 96km~weekly fuel consumption 72. 96km = 72. 96% of 100km 72. 96% of ($1. 43 x 7. 3L=$10. 43 (price for 100km worth of fuel)) $10. 43 10. 43 x 0. 7296 = $7. 60~weekly fuel expense Grocery Essentials *The following are the prices of food essentials at the lowest offered price in their respective stores and locations, without factoring in any limited special offers.

Identification of Finger Prints, Blood and DNA

Identification of Finger Prints, Blood and DNA INTRODUCTION Forensic science is widely used in the service of the justice system (Jackson). It has helped in solving cases by providing important clues and evidences. The usage of forensics in solving crime cases is inevitable. Forensic sciences is used in various areas like fingerprinting, DNA profiling, blood stain detection and many more. From the early days of complicated body measurements to todays sophisticated biometric devices, the identification of individuals by their bodies has been a mainstay of government and law enforcement. Computerized databases like AFIS now make it possible to compare thousands, or in the case of the FBI, millions of fingerprints in minutes. With the advancements in DNA detecting mechanisms, blood stains in the scenes of crimes have also become one of the most important evidences. After a homicide or an assault has been committed, police investigators usually find blood at the scene of the crime. This gives them clues as to what happened during that incident. The bloods texture and shape and how it is distributed around the victim often help investigators determine when and how the crime was committed. A number of techniques have been developed for the identification of fingerprints and blood stains in the crime scene. EVOLUTION IN FINGERPRINTING TECHNIQUES: In the mid-1950s fingerprinting was done using the dangerous mercury-based white powder, a coarse graphite-based black powder and squirrel-hair brushes. With a burst of innovation concerning fingerprint evidence as part of the crime investigation, ninhydrin test was developed. This method is extremely efficient on paper items, especially if the stock solution is added to fluorisol, which prevents writing on the paper from smudging. Ninhydrin reacts with the amino acids in perspiration, producing red, brown, or purple imprints; this is a most successful method of investigating check fraud. During the last decade, other techniques for discovering latent imprints have been developed. These include Super Glue, physical developer, small particle reagent, lasers, metal deposition, Sudan black, amido black, thermoplastic fingerprint powders and radioactive sulfur dioxide. Exceptional powders are available with greatly improved fingerprint brushes to help lots in fingerprinting. DFO is a recent improvement on ninhydrin, providing up to 300% more finger and palm imprints. One other advancement in this area is the use of photoluminescence. Fingerprint luminescence excitation initially used lasers, but filtered lamps are employed as well. This technology helps the forensic scientist to take a picture of the fingerprints immediately at the crime scene. Computers are now used throughout the world for maintaining and searching files of imprints and fingerprints of offenders found at crime scenes. Computer searches of crime scene imprints provide excellent results. The computer blasts through complete collections at fantastic speed, possibly scanning millions of digits, but there is no promise that the offender who made the imprints is not in the collection if identification is not made. Bio-metrics especially fingerprints has become one of the main areas of research. EVOLUTION IN BLOOD STAIN DETECTION TECHNIQUES: Blood is one of the most common physical evidences which is present in murder cases, accidents and violent crime investigations. A determination must be made if it really is blood. Eventhough there have been various tests to detect the presence of blood, the widely used tests are Kastle-Meyer test and the Luminol Test. Luminol is first activated with an oxidant, usually a solution of hydrogen peroxide and a hydroxide salt in water. Then, in the presence of a protein present in blood called hemoglobin, the hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form oxygen and water. Luminol reacts with the hydroxide salt, leading to the formation of a dianion. The oxygen produced from the hydrogen peroxide then reacts with the luminol dianion. This reaction produces an organic peroxide, which is very unstable and hence it immediately decomposes with loss of nitrogen to produce 3-aminophthalic acid (3- APA) in an excited state. As 3-APA relaxes, it releases a visible blue light. Luminol is sensitive to the presence of extremely small amounts of blood. It can detect bloodstains that have been diluted up to 300,000 times. The KM Test is a presumptive test which is used to check the presence of hemoglobin using phenolphthaleins color change in the presence of oxygen. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA: FINGER PRINTING THEORY: Fingerprints often leave residues of oils in the shape of the friction ridges. However, the friction ridge skin does not secrete oils. Some fingerprints will leave a residue of amino acids and other compounds. These principles make dusting techniques to develop fingerprints. (Finger print Powder- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia) CLASSIFICATION OF FINGER PRINT PATTERNS: The following table contains the finger print patterns for the fingers and toes: Right Hand: Thumb:Â  Whorl Index Finger:Â  Whorl Middle Finger: Loop Ring Finger:Â  Whorl Small Finger:Â  Whorl Left Hand: Thumb: Arch Index Finger: Whorl Middle Finger: Loop Ring Finger: Loop Small Finger: Loop The toe prints are all arch expect for the ring toe in the right leg which is whorl. The fingerprints using ink pad for the fingers and toes can be found in Annex C. DIFFERENCE IN PATTERNS BETWEEN FINGERS: The pattern in all the fingers except the left thumb is whorl. This might be the case because the environmental factors within the fetus would have been same for the fingers and hence there is not much change in the pattern between the fingers. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HANDS AND TOES: The finger prints in the hands are very easy to identify when compared to the toes. This is because the fingers are big enough for us to deposit the prints properly. However, the legs are small and since we dont use them like fingers it is very difficult to deposit it even while using the ink pad. Since the whole bodys pressure is on the toe, too much of pressure was applied on the paper by it. Hence the prints werent clear. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OLD AND NEW PRINTS: The old prints are not as bright as the new prints. The old print gets exposed to the atmosphere and hence they react with the air. Hence parts of the print vanish. Hence it is not as evident as the new print. However, the old prints is good enough for matching 16 positions on the finger print and thus easy to the catch the criminal. The old big toe prints deposited wasnt seen when developed by both the magnetic powder as well as the black powder. This is because the print wasnt deposited properly. Too much of sweat on the print made the prints to be smudged when the powders where used to detect their presence. Hence the prints were seen very faintly. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METHODOLOGIES: The black powder had to be done very carefully since two much of powder made the finger prints to smudge. The magnetic powder was easy in a way because excess magnetic powder could be removed easily. However, the dusting had to be done slowly and such that that the brush wasnt too close to the finger print in order to get the print properly. The ninhydrin test was very easy because we didnt have much to do for it. However, many of my friends prints were pale. This might have been because they didnt apply enough pressure on their papers when they deposited the prints. Since I had applied so much moisture, the finger prints smudged badly and the prints werent clear. Hence I had to repeat the process again. However, the next I exerted too much pressure on the paper which made the fingers to sweat too much leading to smudging. Also the amount of time given to register the finger prints was too less. Out of the three methodologies used in this lab I find the ninhydrin solution test to be the most efficient one. This is because for because the human influence in this method was very less. Since we were beginners in this lab, we didnt have a proper idea of how much powder had to be used for these methods. Thus I prefer the ninhydrin solution method for fingerprinting especially for beginners. FINGER PRINT LIFTING: The dusting for finger printing lifting was done using the magnetic powder since excess powder could be easily taken away. However, when I lifted it the first time, a lot of air bubbles where formed which made half of the finger prints to vanish. Also since I had not given enough time for my finger prints to settle the prints werent clear when dusting. Hence I tried to avoid these when I lifted the second time. I pressed gently and allowed the prints and gave some time so that the prints to settle. While using the tape I made sure there were no bubbles. Hence I was able to lift a proper print of my right thumb finger using the lifter. IDENTIFICATION OF BLOOD STAINS: THEORY: The Kastle-Meyer test is a forensic presumptive test which is used to examine if the dried stains in a violent crime scene is composed of blood. The test is based on the peroxide-mediated oxidation of reduced phenolphthalein. In this reaction the heme molecule acts as a catalyst. The chemical indicator used in this test is phenolphthalein C20H14O4, a common acid-base indicator which turns pink, in basic solutions with a pH of approximately 8 or higher.. Phenolphthalein, a clear dye, immediately turns pink if oxidized by hemoglobin and hydrogen peroxide. There are three reagents involved in this test. To increase the sensitivity of the test the reagent, Methyl or Ethyl alcohol is used. It does this by cleaning up the area in and around the bloodstain to better expose the hemoglobin. Phenolphthalein, the second reagent acts as a color indicator. This solution when oxidized (exposed to oxygen), turns pink. Hydrogen Peroxide is the 3% form typically found in drugstores. Hydrogen peroxide is essentially water with an extra oxygen atom attached to it. These chemical reactions are further stated using the following equations: This test is nondestructive to the sample. Hence the sample can be kept and used in further tests at the lab. This test has the same reaction with human blood and animal blood. So, further investigation is required to determine whether it is human or animal blood. ANALYSIS: The blood stain turned pink instantly after adding all the three reagents stating the presence of blood. When the reagents where added to copper powder, it turned pink even before the addition of the hydrogen peroxide showing giving a false result . Thus it is vitally important to add the reagent first, then wait a few seconds, then add the hydrogen peroxide. Ketchup didnt change at all showing the absence of hemoglobin. Whereas, cabbage solution turned yellow. Beetroot and ribena solutions turned colourless due to their neutral nature with very very slight pink tinge occurring due to their natural colour. Hence except for copper there werent any false positive tests in the samples which were recognized. LIMITATIONS: Eventough Kastle-Meyer test can detect blood upto dilutions of 1:107, there are many limitations for this test. In the presence of vegetable peroxidases, like in horseradish, broccoli, cauliflower, etc. the test gives a false positive result. Oxidizing species present in the sample also causes this test to fail. (Kastle-Meyer test:Limitations) For example when this test was performed for copper powder the Kastle-Meyer reagent turned pink even before hydrogen peroxide was added to it. Thus it is very much important that we wait for a few seconds after the reagent is added and then only we need to add hydrogen peroxide. The Kastle-Meyer test gives positive results to both human blood as well as animal blood. In general, it gives a positive result to all hemoglobin containing blood.. In order to ensure that the blood is really from a human species, a confirmatory test such as the Ouchterlony Test is performed. (Kastle-Meyer test:Limitations) In short, color catalytic tests are very sensitive in nature. The negative results from these tests show that these samples do not hemoglobin and so it is not blood. However, the positive results need not be correct in all cases. It is noteworthy to mention here that false positive tests occur due to the presence of a reducing agents, animal blood, peroxidases and many more. (Kastle-Meyer test:Limitations) FINGER PRINT PATTERNS IN IDENTICAL TWINS: When a fertilized egg splits into two, it leads to a development of two embryos. This leads to the development of Identical twins. Since the twins are formed from the same egg, their DNA is identical. The interactions between the environment in the fetus and the genes, plays an important role in the fingerprints and the appearance of a person. The environmental factors include blood pressure, nutrition, etc. (Twins Fingerprints: Identical Twins and fingerprints) The genes thus play an important role in depicting the fingerprint patterns in humans. The skin of the finger is in contact with various parts of the fetus and anionic fluids in the uterus. The interactions between the fingers and these parts changes due to the movement of the fetus and the mother. Thus this microenvironment plays an important role in the details of the fingerprint patterns. (Why Identical Twins have Di) Though there are only minimal changes in the environment, the differentiating cells make the differences in the fingerprint pattern to be seen evidently. All these reasons make fingerprint patterns in the twins to be different. This also makes fingerprints between the finger and the toes from being the same. (Why Identical Twins have Di) Eventhough after birth, identical twins just look the same they also have a few physical differences for e.g. moles which help in distinguishing one from the other. These physical differences amplify day by day and become greatly evident. CONCLUSION: Fingerprinting by dusting and ninhydrin solutions help in lifting them properly. It makes sure that none of the fingerprints in the crime scene is unnoticed. However, it is important to note that these techniques should be done only by people who are very experienced. Kastle-Meyer test helps in identification of blood stains but it also gives false positive tests. Hence the samples should be analyzed once again to check the presence of blood in it. The lab was very enriching and gave a true picture of what is done by forensic scientists at the crime scene.

Students That Suffer With ADD Should NOT Be Placed In Specialized Class

Should Students that Suffer with ADD Be Placed in Specialized Classes? Many adults and caregivers do not know what Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is and therefore do not know how to properly care for those children. They believe that because their children have ADD, they will not be able to learn or succeed in a normal class with other normal students. The truth is that only 1 out of every 35 students with ADD need additional help outside of the classroom because they are not sufficiently learning in it(Cowan). Many teachers and parents believe that putting children with ADD in specialized classes will help them to overcome their problems and become more successful in the classroom, but instead it will slow down their learning process, slow down their social skill development, and it will also teach them that they can use ADD as an excuse in other areas in their life(Child Development Institute). Attention Deficit Disorder is a disorder that is growing daily. In the 1920's only one out of every eight children, since then that number steadily increasing by the year, now one in every three children suffers from ADD(Cowan). Attention Deficit Disorder is a condition that causes people to have problems learning, behaving and even getting along with others. People that are diagnosed with ADD usually struggle with one or more of these common symptoms. The first symptom is inattention, which is where they will have problems with focusing in on one thing at a time, or paying attention for any amount of time. People that are inattentive have serious problems with distractions. This can severely affect a student in a classroom. Every little thing that goes on in that classroom gets their attention, whether it is from a child talking, som... ...Parent and Teacher Ratings of ADHD Symptoms: Psychometric Properties in a Community-Based Sample" Journal of Critical Child Psychology. 1991, Vol. 20, No. 3, Pages 245-253 Kraus, Jeanne. Cory Stories: A Kid's Book about Living with ADHD. Washington D.C.: Magination Press. 2005 Lavoie, Richard. It's So Much Work to be Your Friend. New York: Touchstone. 2005 Miller, Steve Dr. and Dr, Bernard Valman. Children's Medical Guide. London: DK. 2002 Nadeau, Kathleen G, and Ellen B. Dixon. Learning to Slow Down and Pay Attention. Washington D.C.: Magination Press. 2005 Roseman, Bruce M.D., A Kid Just Like Me. New York: The Berkley Publishing Group. 2001. Rotner, Shelly and Sheila Kelly Ed.D. The A.D.D. Book for Kids. Connecticut: The Millbrook Press, Inc. 2000 Umansky, Warren, Ph.D., and Barbara Steinberg Smalley. AD/HD: Helping Your Child New York: Warner Books Inc. 2003

Lyrical Ballads Captures The Hour of Feeling Essay -- Coleridge Wordsw

Lyrical Ballads were written in a time of great change. They were dominated by the French Revolution and both Wordsworth and Coleridge felt great impact from this. There was disruption all over with the American War of Independence and other wars worldwide. Britain itself was changing rapidly due to colonial expansion, which brought new wealth, ideas and fashion, and there was much disturbance to both the people and the land with the act of enclosure, which may have meant more effective farming but less work. The introduction of the Poor Laws meant that landowners paid their remaining staff very little knowing that they would be supplemented by poor relief. However the conditions stated by the Laws before aid would be given were very similar to ?The Last Of The Flock? with people having to give up every means of self support and therefore reduce the chance of them ever living independently again. The Industrial Revolution introduced the new ?middle? class for which many of these poems were written for. They use simple language to allow them to understand and self educate, which many of them were very interested in doing and bettering themselves, much like Wordsworth himself and his sister as shown in ?Tintern Abbey?. Here he talks of her being at the stage of education that he was five years before when he last visited. Despite all the war and upheaval there was very little provision for those who got left behind such as those left unemployed due to the Industrial Revolution and enclosure as well as returning servicemen. The effect of this was felt widely as shown in ?The Female Vagrant?, the wife of a soldier forced to move countries etc and the increasing state of poverty they lived through. In a different culture ?The F... ...t brought all the great things they had hoped for and things had not got any better, in many cases things had actually deteriorated. Wordsworth and Coleridge seemed to be of a similar opinion to the general population throughout this whole period, they both began full of optimism for this time of change before slowly becoming more against it as shown in some of their poetry. ?Anecdote for Fathers? for example is a rather cynical poem focusing on a negative area of the human condition as a whole. Lyrical Ballads very much reflects Wordsworth and Coleridge?s feelings on society at the time and to me they seem to be of the same opinions as the general population during that period. The poetry and indeed the Romantic Movement also illustrated the ?hour of feeling? well and therefore I believe that Lyrical Ballads captures the ?hour of feeling? very successfully.

The Power of Place Essay -- Literature Psychology Essays

The Power of Place When people think of their environment people think of their immediate surroundings; however, one's environment goes beyond and further into the psychological connection to one's personal environment. To further explain, Gallagher discusses three different aspects of The Power of Place: Outside In, Inside Out, and Synchrony. The book opens doors previously unnoticed about psychological ecology. From reading the book one learns that settings influence behavior more than the personalities of most people. Think of our dependency on our environment and constant surroundings. They help create our persona and thus who we become in the future. From the point of birth, people live in a set environment determined on the status quo of the family bearing the child. One may live in poverty or wealth, but from this point the child begins gaining a dependency on its environment. Though not a preferable indication of one's prospects of the future, a good childhood may make or break an individual in the future. As stated, "a good or bad environment promotes good or bad memories, which inspire a good or bad mood, which inclines us toward good or bad behavior"(132). Each and every day we interact with one another, playing a different role from interaction to interaction; however, one tends to keep his or her surroundings as predictable as possible. The reason being one feels closer to being in control when the outcome becomes predictable,...

Famous Immigrant Entrepreneur from Pakistan in USA Essay

Edible Arrangements is a U. S. -based franchising business that specializes in fresh fruit arrangements, melding the concept of fruit baskets with design inspired by the floral business The company is headed by Tariq Farid, who partnered with his brothers to open the first Edible Arrangements store in Hamden, Connecticut in 1999. After designing the computer systems, training manuals, production and profitability tracking and supply chain management process, they began franchising the concept in 2001. As of 2008, the business had grown to more than 900 stores serving locations in the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom. In March 2008 Edible Arrangements was reported to have annual revenues of $195 million Netsolace Netsolace is a technology company that provides groundbreaking technology solutions for the franchise industry. For franchisors seeking the ultimate control over their businesses, both in terms of relationship management and operational efficiency, Netsolace offers a suite of proven software solutions that enables better monitoring, communications and data management at each stage of the franchise lifecycle. Our comprehensive suite of convenient and flexible web-based applications can be accessed from anywhere. They are designed to support both the franchisor and franchisee business needs and provide real time information for comprehensive data analysis and management reporting. To see how we can help you, please review our site or contact us. We will be happy to answer your questions and demonstrate how our solutions can help your business and its bottom line. Life History Tariq Farid was born near Lahore, Pakistan, in 1969, the oldest of six children of Glulam and Salma Farid. His father immigrated to the United States in the 1970s, working in Connecticut as a machinist. Tariq Farid arrived in the United States with the rest of the family in 1981, when he was 11 years old. As a teenager, Tariq mowed lawns and worked in a McDonald’s restaurant. In 1986, when he was 17, the family bought and began operating a flower shop in East Haven, Connecticut. While working in the family business, which expanded to additional locations, Tariq developed a computerized point of sale system for floral shops, and struck out on his own in 1991 in a business selling computer systems to flower retailers. Tariq launched the first Edible Arrangements ® store in 1999 in East Haven, Connecticut. He was inspired by the convergence of three trends: Americans’ growing consumption of fresh fruit, the robust growth in the specialty food market and the increasing amount of money Americans were spending on gifts. Edible Arrangements ® was named one of America’s fastest-growing privately held businesses in America by Inc. magazine and one of the top franchise systems in Entrepreneur Magazine’s Franchise 500. Tariq has four pending U. S. patents for proprietary fruit-cutting equipment that he designed. Achievements In 2009 Tariq was recognized as Entrepreneur of the Year by the International Franchise Association. IN 2009 Tariq was named the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year. He spoke at the 3rd Leadership Summit held by the council for the advancement of Muslim Professionals and at the Small Business Summit held by The New York Times. Tariq Farid was born in Pakistan in 1969 and immigrated to the United States at age 11. He grew up in West Haven, Connecticut and became a U. S. citizen in 1986. He developed the Salma K Farid Academy, a non-profit learning and community center, to honor the wishes of his late mother whom he credits as the inspiration for his success, and the Salma K Farid Foundation to provide for those in need Current Capital 700 Million Dollars His Interview Published in New York Time I WAS born in Pakistan and came to the United States in 1981, when I was 11. My grandfather owned a farm in Pakistan and we had been fairly well-to-do. We started at the bottom when we came here. My father found a job as a machinist during the day and worked at McDonald’s and Burger King at night. All five of my siblings pitched in. I delivered newspapers to 300 houses. Instead of putting the paper into the mailbox, I’d deliver it to the door. I got great tips. When I was 13, a flower shop hired me to water the flowers. Soon I was taking care of orders. By 16, I had learned a lot. One day my father found a flower shop for sale in the paper. The owner wanted $6,000. My dad asked me if I could run the shop, and I said sure. We got a cash advance and a loan from a friend. I thought I’d negotiate, and asked the owner what terms he was offering. He looked at me as if to say, â€Å"What can this kid possibly know? † We opened a week before Easter and earned about $50 a day. I stayed open until 7 p. m. , seven days a week, because few other flower shops did. I thought $350 a week was wonderful. Soon, sales doubled, and I was shocked. Five years later, we had three shops and were making close to $1 million a year. I said we needed to make more, about $5,000 a day. My mother asked me if I remembered when I was making $50 a day and she suggested that I relax. I told her that it never really ends, and that I could achieve that goal. It was a lot of work. I didn’t really have a social life. We stayed open on holidays. On my way to high school, I’d drop off my mother at the shop. She spoke no English, so I told her what to do to supervise the two employees. After school I’d make flower arrangements and deliver them myself until I could hire a driver. I attended college part-time, but I started weighing the benefit against what I was making. I decided to put off school, and I never finished. I was so young when I started a career that I blindly jumped into it. Edible Arrangements, which I started in 1999 with my brother, Kamran, goes back to our roots. In Pakistan, my father always brought home tons of fruit for us. When we started the company, we created basic fruit arrangements that included fresh pineapple, strawberries, cantaloupe and more, and later added extras like chocolate and cinnamon toppings. We got 30 orders the first day. We had learned from our flower stores, so this time did everything right. A stranger asked about opening a store, which gave us the idea to franchise them. I knew nothing about the franchise industry, so I contacted an association for the names of experts and found Michael Seid. He gave great advice. I’ve started several other companies. One is Frutation by Edible Arrangements, which includes salads and fruit drinks. They’re sold in Edible Arrangements stores and stand-alone stores. I also started Netsolace, which provides software for the franchise industry. Another, Berry Direct, offers containers, vases and other products to our Edible Arrangements franchisees and other companies. I just started the Farid Capital Corporation; a financing company that helps franchisees buy equipment. When I was starting out, I used to give my mother $50 a week. When I wanted to buy a building for our second Edible Arrangements location, I needed $40,000 more than I had. My mother had saved the money I gave her over the years and handed it back to me. She asked only that I do something in her name someday and give her $20,000 for my sister’s wedding. When my mother passed away in 2000, I started a foundation in her memory. The organization built a hospital in Pakistan for needy people and an Islamic school in the United States.

Centripetal Force Lab Activity

Centripetal Force Lab Activity Analysis: 1. A) Average Percent Difference: 50g: (values expressed in newtons) Step 1: Calculate the average value of the two variables Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2 /2 = 0. 49+ 0. 61/2 = 1. 1/2 = 0. 55 Step 2: Calculate the difference between the two variables Difference= Value 2- Value 1 = Fc- Fg = 0. 61- 0. 49 = 0. 12 Step 3: Calculate % difference % difference= difference of the variables / average of the variables x 100 = 0. 12/ 0. 55 x 100 = 21. 81% 100g: (values expressed in newtons)Step 1: Calculate the average value of the two variables Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2 /2 = 0. 98+ 1. 84/2 = 2. 82/2 = 1. 41 Step 2: Calculate the difference between the two variables Difference= Value 2- Value 1 = Fc- Fg = 1. 84- 0. 98 = 0. 86 Step 3: Calculate % difference % difference= difference of the variables / average of the variables x 100 = 0. 86/ 1. 41 x 100 = 60. 99% 150g: (values expressed in newtons) Step 1: Calculate the average value of the two var iables Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2 /2 = 1. 47+ 2. 19/2 = 3. 66/2 = 1. 83Step 2: Calculate the difference between the two variables Difference= Value 2- Value 1 = Fc- Fg = 2. 19- 1. 47 = 0. 72 Step 3: Calculate % difference % difference= difference of the variables / average of the variables x 100 = 0. 72/ 1. 83 x 100 = 39. 34% 200g: (values expressed in newtons) Step 1: Calculate the average value of the two variables Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2 /2 = 1. 96+ 2. 66/2 = 4. 62/2 = 2. 31 Step 2: Calculate the difference between the two variables Difference= Value 2- Value 1 = Fc- Fg = 2. 66- 1. 96 = 0. 70 Step 3: Calculate % difference difference= difference of the variables / average of the variables x 100 = 0. 70/2. 31 x 100 = 30. 30% 250g: (values expressed in newtons) Step 1: Calculate the average value of the two variables Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2 /2 = 2. 45+ 3. 57/2 = 6. 02/2 = 3. 01 Step 2: Calculate the difference between the two variables Difference= Value 2- Valu e 1 = Fc- Fg = 3. 57- 2. 45 = 1. 12 Step 3: Calculate % difference % difference= difference of the variables / average of the variables x 100 = 1. 12/ 3. 01 x 100 = 37. 20% Average % difference: = Sum of all 5 averages/5 21. 81+ 60. 99+ 39. 34+ 30. 30+ 37. 20/ 5 = 189. 64/ 5 = 37. 92% B) Slope Calculations (Graph is displayed on a separate sheet) 50g: Slope= Rise/Run = 0. 61/0. 49 = 1. 25 100g: Slope= Rise/Run = 1. 84/0. 98 = 1. 877 150g: Slope= Rise/Run = 2. 19/1. 47 = 1. 489 200g: Slope= Rise/Run = 2. 66/1. 96 = 1. 357 250g: Slope= Rise/Run = 3. 57/2. 45 = 1. 457 After calculating the slope of each section of the graph (each section corresponds to a certain mass used in the lab activity) it is evident that it varies from it’s expected value by a great amount.The expected value of the slope was 1 as the rise and the run were supposed to be equal. However in our case the rise and the run varied greatly and therefore because they were different numbers the slope did not turn o ut to be 1 (the only way to get a slope of 1 is if both the numerator and denominator are equal, as a number divided by itself is always 1 and a number divided by a different number can never equal 1). 2. Yes the data collected did verify the equation Fc=42Rmf2. This is because the only varying value in this case â€Å"f†, had a direct relationship with the value of Fc.The only other values that had to be determined in this lab was the radius and the mass of the rubber stopper but they were constant variables (constant at 0. 87m and 12. 4g respectively) meaning that they had no varying effect on the value of Fc. For there to be a relationship between Fc and 42Rmf2 when the value of any of the variables changes the value of Fc has to change as well Because the value of â€Å"f† had a direct relationship with the value of Fc, when the value of â€Å"f† changed the value of Fc changed as well. In this particular case when the value of â€Å"f† grew so did th e value of Fc.For example, during the 50g test the frequency was 1. 2Hz and the Fc was 0. 61N, and during the 100g test the frequency was 2. 08Hz and the Fc was 1. 84N. This shows that as the frequency increases so does the Fc acting on the system. This therefore shows the relationship between Fc and 42Rmf2. 3. A) When the string was pulled down and the stopper was still spinning, the stopper started spinning at a faster rate (took less time to complete 1 cycle around the trip) B) This happens simply because the radius is being shortened.Because the stopper on the end of the string is moving around the horizontal circle at a constant speed it is therefore being acted upon by a constant net-force. In this case the net-force acting upon it (the stopper) is Fc, therefore because it is Fc acting upon it, the force can be calculated by the formula 42Rmf2 as that is equal to Fc. In this case because the string with the stopper on the end was being pulled down this means that the radius of the entire circle was decreasing (less string= smaller distance= smaller radius).In that formula if the radius is smaller that means that the centripetal force will be larger. In this case that larger the centripetal force acting on the rubber stopper, the faster the rubber stopper rotates around the horizontal circle. C) The laws of conservation of energy state that the total energy in the system stays the same but simply takes on different forms (kinetic and potential being examples). Therefore this case is not contrary to the laws of conservation of energy simply because when the radius is decreasing the rubber stopper speeds up.In the laws of conservation of energy when an object is speeding up the object is gaining kinetic energy. However in this case while the stopper is speeding up the hanging mass (along with some of the string) is falling to the ground. From a conservation of energy perspective when an object loses height it loses potential energy. Therefore in this case t he object at the top gains kinetic energy while the mass loses potential energy. Because of this energy transfer no energy is lost in the system as hen the object is losing potential energy the other object in the same system is gaining kinetic energy, therefore the energy stays the same. D) In figure skating the skaters do the exact same thing as what was done in this lab experiment. In order to spin faster they bend low (get low to the ground) and tuck their arms and legs in. This causes them to spin much faster than they were originally spinning and follows the same principles that the rubber stopper experiment followed. When they get low they lose potential energy but getting low causes them to tuck in (tuck in their legs and arms) and ultimately have a smaller radius.This smaller radius causes them to have a much greater centripetal force and ultimately causes them to spin faster and causes them to gain kinetic energy. This follows the laws of conservation of energy as when the y lose potential energy they gain kinetic energy (theoretically no energy lost- only transferred) Sources of Error: In this particular lab activity there were not very many potential sources of error simply because it was not as complicated an activity as many others. Therefore all errors that were made were simply human measurement errors.The main source of error in this lab activity was measuring the period/frequency. This was a challenge simply because the person measuring had to do many different things in a very small amount of time. That one person was responsible for firstly choosing a spot along the path of the horizontal circle to begin the measurement from, then that same person had to start the watch during the very small time frame in which the rubber stopper passed by that specific point on the circle. From there the person had to count the stopper pass by 5 times and stop the watch when it passed by the 5th time.This made it very difficult to get a completely accurate measurement for the period and the frequency, as it was very difficult to get an exact measurement of that time period. These slight miscalculations of the frequency caused the calculation of the centripetal force to be slightly wrong as well because the calculation of centripetal force depended on the frequency. This is evident because our â€Å"Fg† and â€Å"Fc† calculations are way off, as they were supposed to be nearly the same number as Fg= Fc. – X-axis= Fc – Y-axis= Fg – point 1= 50g – point 2= 100g – point 3= 150g – point 4= 200g – point 5= 250g Data: Mass of stopper: 12. 4g Radius of Rotation: 87cm Mass of suspended masses| Time for 5 cycles| Period (T)| Frequency (f)| FgFg=mhg| FcFc=42Rmf2| 50g| 4. 2s| 0. 84| 1. 2Hz| 0. 49N| 0. 61N| 100g| 2. 44s| 0. 48| 2. 08Hz| 0. 98N| 1. 84N| 150g| 2. 23s| 0. 44| 2. 27Hz| 1. 47N| 2. 19N| 200g| 1. 99s| 0. 4| 2. 5Hz| 1. 96N| 2. 66N| 250g| 1. 65s| 0. 34| 2. 9Hz| 2. 45N| 3. 57N|

High Self-esteem Essay

Review Questions 1. In what areas do children and adolescents define their self-esteem?: In Self Image, and in the environment they live in. 2. What are the characteristics of a person with high self-esteem?: Ambitious, optimistic about life, good communication skills, and they are very psychologically healthy and emotionally stable. 3. What are the characteristics of a person with low self-esteem?: Fail to achieve goals, poor communication skills, Are prone to anxiety, depression, hostility, loneliness, shame, and guilt, and they form unhealthy, destructive relationships with others. 4. What can a parent do, in the first two years of their child’s life, to help the child develop good self-esteem?: The first is a sense of themselves as individuals. The child learns that he exists as an individual in the world, and that his actions have observable consequences in the surrounding environment. The child learns that he has the power to manipulate the world around him—to make things happen. The second important concept a child develops during this time is a sense of trust and love that is built upon a solid bond between the child and his caregivers. 5. What are some things that have a negative effect on a child’s self-esteem?: Their self-image, fitting in, and their parents fighting at home. Critical Thinking Questions 1. Why is it difficult to define self-esteem?: It’s difficult because people don’t always know what the exact definition for the word is. 2. Is success in life a cause of high self-esteem, an effect of high self-esteem, or neither?: In my opinion, I say an effect. I say this because if you have high self-esteem, you will accomplish a lot more. Success takes a lot of work, it’s not easy to be successful now a days. 3. What are some ways that parents can help their children develop good social self-esteem?: They could teach them appropriate vocabulary. They can also start getting their kids into speaking to people in public, if they need it. They could get them to start speaking up for themselves. 4. What are some ways that parents can help their children develop good academic self-esteem?: To help them with their school work. They could also get their child a tutor, or maybe they can let them stay after school and get tutored. They could also have standards, not too high and not too low. It depends on the child’s ability on how well they can do. 5. Children will start to exhibit gender-specific behaviors in early childhood. Boys will tend to be more active and aggressive. Girls, on average, are calmer and more agreeable. Children also start to show a preference for toys and clothing that are traditional for their gender. Why do you this is?: They are starting to get to that point where they are changing. Different feelings and hormones. Maybe something is going on in their environment that they live in. Maybe they’re just starting to grow up.

Avatar- Movie Film Review

Film Review By: Rutba Rahman Avatar is a 2009 science fiction film directed by James Cameron. The movie stars are Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana and Sigourney Weaver. James Cameron’s movies have grossed approximately US $2 billion in North America. James Cameron’s previous films that he is known for are The Terminator (1984), True Lies (1994) and Titanic (1996). The purpose of Avatar is incarnation, in the movie it means that the future human technology is capable of injecting a human’s intelligence into a biological body. Avatar has shown incarnation beautifully and it has explained the Na’vi (extraterrestrial humans) correctly by showing their different lifestyle and behavior from humans. Avatar’s plot is that a disabled ex-marine named Jake Sully finds life on the planet Pandora, only to find him battling mankind with the planet’s Na’vi race. Jake is sent to learn their ways so that he can help relocate them and the humans can take over. Neytiri is the daughter of the Na’vi leaders Mo’at and Eytukan. She is brave, loyal and strong willed. When she meets Jake she begins to fall in love with him because of his bravery. Grace Augustine is a scientist who studies the plants and creatures of Pandora. She is the head of the avatar program, and she is peaceful with the Na’vi clan because she set up a school to teach them English. The characters in Avatar are believable characters, such as Jake Sully, Neytiri and Grace Augustine. Jake Sully is a believable character because he is charismatic, and acts as a strong leader, he is courageous because he takes a stand for what he has believes is wrong, and he is brave because he is willing to fight against the military. Neytri is a believable character because she is devoted to her people and is willing to put herself in a dangerous situation for the sake of her clan. Grace Augustine is also a believable character because she is very fond of and close to her Na'vi students. The actors’ interpretation of the characters is remarkable. Zoe Saldana plays the heroine Neytiri. Zoe Saldana gave an emotional and strong performance throughout the movie. Sam Worthington plays the hero Jake Sully in the movie. Sam has shown outstanding interpretation for Jake because he has an intuitive quality that makes the audience believe that people would follow him. He was handpicked by James Cameron because he had sensitivity, vulnerability and strength. The Cinematographer for Avatar is Mauro Fiore. The film’s central challenge is depicting an imaginary and digitally crafted world with a persistent sense of realism. At first the Na’vi species were drawn with fins and gills. Then they were redesigned to look more like humans so the audience could relate to them better. James Cameron developed a specially designed camera that allowed the facial expressions of the actors to be captured and digitally recorded for the animators to use later. The entire background of Pandora’s floating mountains, including the light source is represented on set only by a green screen. Every scene involved some sort of interactive light. James Horner created a soundtrack that reflected the Na'vi way of sound and he created a small chorus singing in the alien language Na'vi. The main theme of the movie is Human Vs Nature. The destruction of the natural world will lead ultimately to the destruction of mankind. The film’s strong points are the Special Effects because they are incredible and used well. They are weaved into the story beautifully, and they come off effortlessly. The acting was done extremely well. Much of the actors’ emotions could be seen through their Avatar characters. The details were thought out and used as a part of the environment. James Cameron has truly created his own world. The audience truly feels as if they have been transported into a new world while watching the film. The low points of the movie were the negative action, because of the inhumanity being shown, such as destruction and violence. The story is efficiently developed but the film is easily overshadowed by special effects. I would recommend this movie to others because the entire story is fantastic. The significant message of this movie is that all living things are connected and those who seek to exploit nature rather than respect it, will only destroy themselves. I would rate this film 10/10 because I think it’s a great achievement and it has produced a great effort to make.

Cathay Pacific Essay

Company Profile Cathay Pacific is an international airline registered and based in Hong Kong, offering scheduled passenger and cargo services to 172 destinations in 39 countries and territories. The Company was founded in Hong Kong in 1946 and remains deeply committed to its home base, making substantial investments to develop Hong Kong as one of the world’s leading international aviation centres. In addition to its fleet of 138 aircraft, these investments include catering and ground-handling companies and the corporate headquarters at Hong Kong International Airport. Cathay Pacific continues to invest heavily in its home city and at 31st December 2012 had another 92 new aircraft due for delivery up to 2020. The airline recently completed construction of its own cargo terminal in Hong Kong, which commenced a staged transition of operations in February 2013 Cathay Pacific and its subsidiaries employ some  29,900 people worldwide (more than 22,800 of them in Hong Kong). Cathay Pacific is listed on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, as are its substantial shareholders Swire Pacific Limited (â€Å"Swire Pacific†) and Air China.Cathay Pacific is a founding member of the oneworld global alliance, whose combined network serves more than 800 destinations worldwide. Competitive advantages Competitive advantage is the ability of an organization to outperform others because they produce desired goods or services more efficiently and effectively than its competitors. When a firm sustains profits that exceed the average for its industry, the firm is said to possess a competitive advantage over its rivals. The goal of much of business strategy is to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. A competitive advantage exists when the firm is able to deliver the same benefits as competitors but at a lower cost (cost advantage), or deliver benefits that exceed those of competing products (differentiation advantage). Thus, a competitive advantage enables the firm to create superior value for its customers and superior profits for itself. Characteristics of competitive advantages Value To improve the product quality, Cathay Pacific efforts to meet and achieve needs of passengers. In an increasingly competitive environment, it is crucial to maintain and develop passenger loyalty by providing high quality products and services. This remains a key focus of the Cathay Pacific Airways. Therefore, Cathay Pacific has introduced a new Premium Economy Class product, a new long-haul Economy Class seat and a new Regional Business Class seat. The airline’s long-haul Business Class was named World’s Best Business Class in 2012 at the World Airline Awards run by Skytrax. â€Å"Cathay Pacific’s strengths is to provide a comprehensive level of service, we are committed to the objectives to be achieved.† expressed the company’s strengths said by Cathay Pacific Deputy Chairman and Chief Executive David Turnbull. Not only service provided by Cathay Pacific inside the aircraft, but also all ground service need to be monitored, such as check-in, pick up luggage and even the passengers leave from the airport to the home way. All these aspects are Cathay Pacific service range and strive  to provide satisfactory service to passengers. The Top-class management team and loyal support can workforce a good combination. Thereby, the airline’s real competitive advantage in these â€Å"most challenging business conditions for our industry in more than a generation† was its supportive workforce, quoting the response of the airline’s nearly 20,000 staff to a special leave scheme designed to save the company cash and to prevent the need for staff layoffs. On the other hand, the core strengths of Cathay Pacific Airways are a superb team, a strong international network, exceptional standards of customer service, a strong relationship with China and our position in Hong Kong. These will help to ensure the success of the Cathay Pacific Group in the long term. Rareness From the Hong Kong people’s point of view, Cathay Pacific Airways is a Hong Kong-based international airline registered in Hong Kong, offering scheduled passenger and cargo services to over 90 destinations around the world. So many transit passengers can take advantage of this huge turn flight transmission of Hong Kong and Cathay Pacific’s flight network. Thus, they can proceed to another city through Hong Kong. As the Hong Kong airport is a hub airport, Hong Kong is a transit point for the proportion of long-term passenger. Therefore, Cathay Pacific abandoned the low-price strategy, but stick to the original high-end line, determined to become the most admired airlines, â€Å"Shaping a super brand† naturally become a center of all of Cathay Pacific’s work. Concerning the super brand image, it is shaped by 3 elements which are quality products, full service and successful promotion. Limitability Furthermore, the â€Å"Cathay Pacific brand† communication activities are very systematic and high-profile promotional activities abound in the world. For example, join to carry out the activities of the â€Å"Best Chinese Food† with so well-known restaurants in Hong Kong, joint other business enterprises for holding â€Å"Asia Miles Airlines’ frequent flyer program’’, â€Å"Cathay Pacific Hong Kong International Races† with the Hong Kong Jockey Club, and so on. Promotional activities with a clear theme promoted in different period and  channel, such as TV advertising, print advertising, Internet advertising, outdoor advertising, etc. Substitutability Since the network and the routes that the airways’ own products, Cathay Pacific constantly purchase new models, update, expand their fleet, and to join one of the world’s five largest airline alliance oneworld alliance to strengthen the global network. Currently, more than 80 piloted aircraft Cathay Pacific fleet is one of the world’s youngest and most modern passenger fleet, with an average age of only seven years. Moreover, Cathay Pacific received 19 new aircraft in 2012 for prolonging to upgrade the competence of the company. As at 31 December 2012, Cathay Pacific had 92 aircraft on order for delivery up to 2020. The order was placed for 6 Airbus A350-900 aircraft in January 2012. In August, Cathay Pacific ordered 10 Airbus A350-1000 aircraft and converted an existing order for 16 Airbus A350-900 aircraft into an order for 16 Airbus A350-1000 aircraft. In March 2013, Cathay Pacific entered ‘into an agreement with The Boeing Company under which it agreed to buy 3 Boeing 747-8F freighter aircraft. Under the agreements, Cathay Pacific also acquired options to purchase 5 Boeing 777-200F freighters and The Boeing Company agreed to purchase 4 Boeing 747-400BCF converted freighters, which were taken out of service in 2012 and early 2013. SWOT analysis Strengths: Cathay Pacific is committed to strengthening Hong Kong’s position as a global aviation hub and gateway to the Chinese Mainland, and leveraging its network to enhance business, tourist and cargo traffic flows. Cathay Pacific is dedicated to technological excellence for its products and services. It was one of the first airlines to provide inflight email. It also offers online ticketing and check-in, a downloadable timetable, and the notiFLY flight paging service, which delivers real-time flight information updates to customers via email or on their mobile phones. The iPermit scheme enables Taiwan residents to apply for Hong Kong visas via the internet and collect them upon arrival at Hong Kong International Airport. Its inflight entertainment system offers more than 20 video channels and an audio/video  on demand system for First and Business class passengers. It was voted â€Å"World’s Leading Use of Inflight Technology† in the World Travel Awards 2003 poll of 80,000 travel industry professionals. Cathay Pacific is a member of the oneworld global alliance, joining Aer Lingus, American Airlines, British Airways, Finnair, Iberia, LanChile and Qantas. Swiss Air Lines International is the latest full alliance member. The oneworld carriers’ combined network serves more than 570 destinations. Cathay Pacific is also a member of the popular travel reward program, Asia Miles. Weakness: There is no such company without weaknesses. Cathay Pacific Airways unpunctuality in their flights sometimes makes their customer difficult to opt to fly with the airline. In addition, the air hostesses are not very pleasant and nice thus making people leave out the airline as an option when traveling home and abroad. Cathay Pacific Airways also finds it hard to reposition itself in the wake of financial crisis. The company also is unable to deal with numerous scandals compelled people to lose confidence in it. Opportunities: Cathay Pacific Airways is known to be Hong Kong’s leading airlines gives them the opportunity to acquire more customers and generate more revenues. People would have more confidence on airlines that are recognized by the award winning bodies because it would make the people have more confidence on flying with the said airlines. In addition, with Cathay Pacific Airways’ online booking, they give more convenience to their customer giving them the chance to attract more customers especially with people that have no time to go to airlines branches for bookings. The airline has also an opportunity of technology advancement for easier transaction and operations and for more convenience for customers and employees. Moreover, with its recognition, the airline attracts more opportunities of expansion. Threats: Threats are always with every organization. Airline industry is the most competitive industry. Cathay Pacific Airways competitors especially the government owned airlines are the threat of the company. Government owned airlines have less likely to close down. It is also supported with the national government with their resources giving them more opportunities over  a publicly owned airline like the Cathay Pacific Airways. In addition, political ramification also affects the operation of airlines. Moreover, economic recession also is a threat to airlines. With economic recession, people are likely to save and reduce their travel expenses to cope up with the recession. People expenditure are the most likely affected with the recession and thus also affects airlines since people don not mostly travel in times of economic recession. In addition, threats in terrorist attack, the rising fuel and labour costs also have caused the company to experience low level of profits for people are hesitant to travel due to these threats. Corporate strategy Cathay Pacific is using the growth strategy in the market. Organization wants to expand the number of markets served or products. They develop the business through their current business and new business In their growth strategies, there are concentration, Vertical integration, horizontal integration, related diversification and stability strategy. Main product of Cathay Pacific is providing the transportation. In the addition, they provide the entertainment, food and beverage to the passenger in the flight. Nowadays, they will change the menu of the flight and add the new entertainment to meet the passenger needs. For example, they announce the latest promotion to enhance award-winning in-flight wine selection. The introduction of six world class wines is from saint-E’milion Bordeaux, France to the first class wine list. It can attract the passenger to use their product on second of May. In each year, the company should be increase or improve the facility to get the passenger satisfaction. In the integration, there is vertical and horizontal. Cathay Pacific is the powerful organization. In their flight product, they need to provide the food to the passenger. Some of the airline, they should be find the supply to provide the food but Cathay Pacific have the Cathay Pacific Catering Services (Hong Kong) limited company to provide the food. It can control the food quality and the supporting will be fixed. On the horizontal integration, they take over the Dragonair on 28 September 2006 Dragonair was the competitor of the Cathay Pacific before the takeover. Within the Cathay  Pacific takeover the Dragonair, The two aircraft were restructured, and exchange waypoints. Dragonair should re-position as a regional airline, mainly to China and Southeast Asia markets. Moreover, Dragonair have another main function of the company. It is providing the intercontinental routes to Cathay Pacific to interchange network. For the diversification, there is the related and unrelated. Cathay Pacific created the Asia Miles membership. The member can through nine type of industry to get the Miles include the airline, hotel, finance and insurance, meals and banquets, retail, travel and leisure, automotive and transportation, telecommunications and professional services to get Miles. If the members buy the product in the partner company, it can get the Miles. The Miles can exchange the travel, electronic products, meals, concert tickets etc. The partner agencies were the China Airline, Australia Airline, Japan Airline etc. The Asia Miles can attract the guest to choice the service of the company. It is the loyalty program to attract the guest to be the loyalty customer. The unrelated diversification of them is promotion of the company. they should join the Hong Kong Tourism Board will be held in the Chinese New Year Parade on every Chinese new year day one. Also, Cathay Pacific sponsored the TV programmed about the travel and airline industry such as the â€Å"Choi Lam eat on the world† TV travel programmed made from TVB. Also in stability strategy, Cathay Pacific reduced the frequency of flights on the Los Angeles, New York and Toronto routes. Base on stable demand on passenger, Cathay Pacific still maintain three flights a week on the Los Angeles, New York and Toronto routes at the same time, to make a total of 20 flights per week. Reason behind the corporate strategy Cathay Pacific is based on customer retention for the company, service is absolutely critical. The company has been voted Airline of the Year in the Skytrax passenger poll twice in the past three years. But the company knows that it cannot survive as a premium airline without continually reinventing itself to maintain its status in such a highly competitive industry as the airline industry. Performance of its personnel is the most critical in the organization. Cathay Pacific is mainly focusing on their primary line of business and  increasing the number of products offered or markets share. For instant, purchasing new model aircrafts and adding different routes to different parts of the world. Also it uses the new technology to get help in the operation. Also, Cathay Pacific has their own catering services for preparing the foods consume in the aircraft. Thus Cathay pacific becomes its own supplier so it can control its inputs.  Beside, for keeping the market shares in the airline industry. Cathay Pacific has taken over the Dragonair. Cathay Pacific is combine with Dragonair that to increase the competitive strengths and lower competition among industry rivals. To increase the profit and encourage the potential customers, Cathay Pacific set up the Asia Miles membership to aim at attracting the guest to be the loyalty customer. In order to gain the attraction from the citizen, Cathay Pacific had joined the Chinese New Year Parade in every Chinese New Year to keep their exposure to the public. Furthermore, Cathay Pacific continuing to serve the same passenger by offering the same product or service that to maintain market share and sustaining the current business operation such as providing the long-haul services with an acceptable price. It will not fall behind in the airline industry. Recommendations and rationale on its corporate strategy In the case of Cathay Pacific Airways, market development and product development is the best suit their way of doing business. Market development is suitable to their business since they have already penetrated the existing markets. It is important to market their product on new markets. Product development is also suitable to maximize their profits. Product development would also enable them to offer more products and services in which are needed by the existing customer and may also invite potential customers thus increasing their profits. In an increasingly competitive environment it is crucial to maintain and develop passenger loyalty by providing high quality products and services, we suggested increasing some regional services in response to more robust  demand in parts of Asia. Cathay Pacific should added frequencies on routes to India, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam and introduced a new service to Hyderabad in India. For providing a more comfortable and an unforgettable flying experience to the customer, a new premium economy class, a new long-haul economy class seat and a new regional business class seat will be added. To maintain the competitive advantages, Cathay Pacific should implement a more convenience global internet service and e Business platforms. The implementation will ensure staff worldwide can take advantage of improved performance and secure, cost-effective access to critical business applications such as reservations, sales information, revenue management and engineering systems. The global Internet solution will enable future applications and passenger services to be speedily and simply developed and deployed worldwide, while also reducing telecommunications costs. This new lease of life means that the airline can better adapt to the demands of its markets and be responsive to changing business requirements. Cathay Pacific put safety in the first priority – safety is the first and most important clause of Cathay Pacific mission statement and has been a core commitment since the founding of airline more than 65 years ago. In food safety, Cathay Pacific continues to do their utmost to serve meals that meet the highest levels of food safety and hygiene. It works with caterers to create well-balanced meals, minimizing the use of trans-fats, and follow the policy on no monosodium glutamate. The policies on food safety and hygiene are based on recognized standards, such as the World Food Safety Guidelines for Airline Catering. Our caterers must comply with our strict food safety requirements and they are measured and monitored through our robust audit programme. In order to have horizontal integration, we advise Cathay Pacific can take over the Hong Kong Airline and Hong Kong Express Airways. The target market is mainly focus on the low air ticket price market and offer package tour. Cathay Pacific can expand the market share on low end. For diversify the Asia Miles membership, we recommend to co-operate with different credit card issuing banks. Through the credit cards, passenger can easily accumulate their pints to convert to mileage. In return helps to attract more passengers to purchase our services. To arouse people attraction, Cathay Pacific not only has the TV advertisement but also to put the resources on other medial to promote the company.  As the high cost of fuel, it made difficult to operate in some long-haul services profitably. We suggest Cathay Pacific to use fuel-efficient Boeing 777-300ER aircraft to instead of the less fuel-efficient Boeing 747-400 aircraft operate to on the long-haul services. 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